Menstrual cups are a great, eco-friendly, and cost-effective alternative to tampons and pads, but to ensure they remain hygienic and work effectively, proper care and cleaning are essential. Here’s a guide to best practices for menstrual cup hygiene to keep both you and your menstrual cup safe and comfortable.
1. Wash Your Hands Before Handling the Cup
Before inserting or removing your menstrual cup, always wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water. This helps prevent introducing bacteria into the vaginal area, which can cause infections or irritation.
2. Cleaning the Menstrual Cup During Your Cycle
A. Rinse After Each Use
- Rinse the Cup with Water: After removing the cup, rinse it with cold or lukewarm water to remove any menstrual fluid. Avoid using hot water as it can damage the silicone or rubber material of the cup.
- Use a Mild, Unscented Soap: Clean the inside and outside of the cup with a gentle, unscented, non-antibacterial soap to prevent irritation. Antibacterial soaps or harsh chemicals can disrupt the natural balance of the vagina.
- Avoid Fragranced Products: Steer clear of soaps with fragrances, dyes, or chemicals as they can irritate sensitive skin and disrupt the vaginal pH balance.
B. Sterilize Between Cycles
- Boiling the Cup: After each menstrual cycle, it’s important to sterilize the menstrual cup before storing it. To do this, boil the cup in a pot of water for about 5-10 minutes. Ensure the cup doesn’t touch the sides of the pot to avoid damage, and don’t leave it in the boiling water for too long.
- Use a Cup Sterilizer: Some brands offer specialized sterilizing devices that use steam to sanitize the cup. These are convenient if you want to avoid boiling water on the stovetop.
3. Storing the Menstrual Cup
- Keep It in a Breathable Pouch: When not in use, store your menstrual cup in a breathable fabric bag (often provided with the cup) or a clean, dry container. This allows air to circulate and prevents bacteria buildup.
- Avoid Plastic Containers: Do not store your cup in an airtight plastic container, as this can trap moisture and cause bacterial growth. Only use containers that allow for ventilation.
- Avoid Storing the Cup in Hot or Humid Environments: Store your menstrual cup in a cool, dry place to prevent mold or bacteria from developing.
4. Inserting and Removing the Menstrual Cup
- Trim the Stem if Necessary: If the stem of the menstrual cup feels uncomfortable or causes irritation, you can trim it to suit your comfort. Be careful not to cut the cup itself, just the stem.
- Wash Your Hands Again: Always wash your hands before inserting or removing your menstrual cup to maintain cleanliness and prevent contamination.
- Follow the Proper Folding Technique: When inserting the cup, fold it correctly (there are various folding methods like C-fold or punch-down fold) to make the insertion smoother and more comfortable. You want to make sure it pops open fully once inside to prevent leaks.
- Ensure It’s Sealed: Once inserted, run your finger around the base of the cup to check that it has opened properly and forms a seal. This ensures there’s no leakage.
5. Emptying and Cleaning the Menstrual Cup
- Empty the Cup Regularly: Depending on your flow, you’ll need to empty your menstrual cup every 4–12 hours. For some people, emptying it every 8 hours is sufficient, while others may need to do it more frequently on heavier days.
- Rinse or Wipe Before Re-insertion: After emptying the cup, rinse it with water and mild soap, or wipe it with a wet, unscented wipe if you’re not near a sink.
- Avoid Wiping with Toilet Paper: Toilet paper can leave fibers on the cup, which can cause irritation or discomfort. It’s best to rinse it properly or use wipes designed for menstrual products.
6. Check for Damage and Wear
- Inspect for Tears or Holes: Before each use, check your cup for tears, cracks, or holes. Even tiny damage can affect the cup’s effectiveness and cause leaks. If you notice any wear, replace your cup.
- Check the Air Holes: Most menstrual cups have small air holes near the top to help with the suction seal. Make sure these holes are not clogged with residue or menstrual fluid. Use a soft brush (like a toothbrush) to gently clean them if needed.
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7. Avoid Using Harsh Chemicals
- No Harsh Chemicals or Bleach: Never clean your menstrual cup with bleach or other harsh chemicals, as they can damage the silicone or rubber and cause irritation. Stick to mild soaps or specialized cleansers made for menstrual cups.
- Avoid Alcohol-Based Products: Alcohol can also degrade the material of the cup and cause irritation. Stick to gentle, non-alcoholic solutions when cleaning the cup.
8. Handling Discoloration
- Discoloration is Normal: Over time, your menstrual cup may naturally develop a slight discoloration due to menstrual fluid and sterilization. This doesn’t affect its performance, so don’t be alarmed. Avoid using bleach or harsh cleaners to remove stains, as they can damage the material.
- Use a Vinegar Soak: If you want to brighten up your menstrual cup or remove odors, you can soak it in a solution of water and white vinegar (about 1:1 ratio) for 30 minutes before sterilizing it. This can help remove any lingering smells or discoloration.
9. Tips for Travel
- Carry Wipes or a Small Bottle of Soap: When you’re traveling or out and about, carry unscented wipes or a small bottle of mild soap to clean your cup on the go. This is especially helpful if you don’t have access to a sink.
- Pack Extra Cups: If you’re going on a long trip, consider packing an extra menstrual cup just in case, especially if you’re not near a place to wash it regularly.
10. Replace Your Menstrual Cup Periodically
- Follow the Manufacturer’s Guidelines: Most menstrual cups are designed to last 1-2 years with proper care, but you should always follow the manufacturer’s guidelines regarding replacement. Over time, the silicone may degrade, especially if the cup is used improperly or exposed to harsh chemicals.
- Listen to Your Body: If you notice any discomfort, leakage, or changes in your cup’s performance, it may be time to replace it, even if it’s not quite at the 1-year mark.
Summary of Best Practices for Menstrual Cup Hygiene:
- Wash your hands thoroughly before and after handling the cup.
- Rinse the cup with water and mild soap after every use.
- Sterilize the cup after each cycle by boiling it or using a sterilizer.
- Store the cup in a breathable bag or container in a cool, dry place.
- Inspect the cup regularly for damage, and check that the air holes are clean.
- Avoid harsh chemicals, fragrances, or alcohol when cleaning.
- Empty the cup every 4–12 hours, depending on your flow, and rinse or wipe it before reinsertion.
- Replace the cup according to the manufacturer’s recommendations, typically every 1-2 years.
By following these best practices, you can ensure that your menstrual cup remains safe, hygienic, and effective, providing you with comfortable and reliable period care.